Seborrheic dermatitis in newborns

Seborrheic dermatitis ("cradle cap") in newborns

Yellowish, greasy, scaly flakes on the hairy part of a baby's scalp that may resemble dandruff — this is newborn seborrheic dermatitis, widely known as "cradle cap" or "gnath". This condition is very common, completely harmless and not related to allergy or poor hygiene. It causes more aesthetic discomfort for parents than it bothers the baby itself.

Why do "cradle caps" appear?

The exact cause is not fully understood, but, as with newborn acne, the main role is played by maternal hormones that are still circulating in the baby's blood. These hormones overstimulate the sebaceous glands on the scalp. An excess of skin oil (sebum) clumps dead skin cells together, forming the same dense flakes.

Sometimes a yeast‑like fungus Malassezia, which normally lives on the skin, can join this process and, under conditions of increased oiliness, cause mild inflammation. It is important to understand that this condition is not contagious and is not a sign that you are doing something wrong.

How to safely get rid of the flakes?

The main rule — do not pick off dry flakes with your nails! This can damage the delicate scalp skin and lead to infection. The removal process should be gentle and gradual:

1. Softening: 30–60 minutes before bathing, apply a warm baby oil (almond, olive) or a special product for seborrheic flakes to the affected areas. This will help soften the flakes.
2. Bathing: During the bath gently massage the baby's head and rinse off the oil with a mild baby shampoo.
3. Combing out: After the bath, while the skin is still damp, gently comb out the softened flakes with a soft brush with natural bristles or a special baby comb.

Usually seborrheic dermatitis resolves on its own within a few months, most often by 6–12 months of age. If flakes appear not only on the head but also on the face, in skin folds, or the skin underneath is heavily inflamed, it is advisable to consult a pediatrician to differentiate the condition from eczema.