Skin infections in children 1-3 years

Skin infections in children 1-3 years: Guide to the most common types

The skin of a young child is highly vulnerable to infections. Disruptions of its integrity — scratches, rashes, abrasions from eczema or insect bites — easily become "entry points" for bacteria and fungi. It is important to recognize signs of infection in order to seek medical attention promptly, as bacterial and fungal infections require specific treatment.

Bacterial infections (Pyoderma)

These are pus‑forming skin diseases most commonly caused by staphylococci and streptococci.

• Impetigo: Very contagious superficial infection. Starts as small red spots that quickly turn into vesicles that burst, leaving characteristic honey‑yellow crusts. Most often located around the nose and mouth.
• Folliculitis: Inflammation of hair follicles, appearing as small pustules with a hair in the center.
• Furuncle: Deeper and more painful pus inflammation of a hair follicle and surrounding tissue.

Fungal infections (Mycoses)

• Dermatophytoses ("ringworm"): A fungal infection that can affect smooth skin (appears as round red patches with clear, raised edges), the hairy scalp, or nails.
• Candidiasis (thrush): In infants most commonly affects skin folds (axillary, groin), where a bright red, moist rash with a white coating and "satellite" papules develops.

Viral skin infections

• Molluscum contagiosum: Appears as small, firm, pearly papules with a characteristic "dimpled" depression in the center.
• Warts: Caused by human papillomavirus.

Treatment of skin infections depends on the pathogen and is prescribed by a physician. Bacterial infections are treated with antibacterial ointments or systemic antibiotics, while fungal infections are treated with antifungal agents.