Breathing problems in newborns

Breathing problems in newborns: Normal and "red flags"

A newborn's breathing is what causes the most anxiety for parents. It may seem irregular, noisy, sometimes with pauses. In most cases this is a variant of normal, related to the immaturity of the respiratory center. However, there are truly concerning symptoms that require immediate attention.

Normal newborn breathing

• Rate: 40-60 breaths per minute. This is much faster than in adults.
• Periodic breathing: The baby may breathe quickly, then pause for 5-10 seconds, and then start breathing again. This is normal if the pauses are short and the baby does not change color.
• Noise: Light wheezing or snorting is often associated with narrow nasal passages and residual mucus.

Concerning signs (signs of respiratory distress)

These symptoms indicate that the baby is having difficulty breathing and is exerting excessive effort. Seek medical help immediately if you notice:

• Very rapid breathing (tachypnea): Over 60-70 breaths per minute at rest.
• Nasal flaring: The baby's nostrils widen with each inhalation.
• Retraction of the chest wall: You see the skin between the ribs, above the clavicles, or under the sternum pulling in during inhalation.
• Grunting on exhalation: The baby makes a characteristic grunting sound with each exhalation.
• Cyanosis: Bluish discoloration of the lips, tongue, or body.

These signs may indicate serious problems such as respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonia. For guidelines on safe sleep, which is also important for breathing, read our article.