Perineal pain

Perineal pain after childbirth: Causes and relief methods

Pain, swelling and discomfort in the perineal area (the region between the vagina and the anus) are an expected consequence of natural childbirth. Your body has just performed an incredible job, and the tissues need time to heal. Understanding the causes of pain and knowing effective and safe ways to care for this delicate zone will help significantly accelerate your recovery.

Why does pain occur?

During delivery the perineal tissues undergo massive stretching to allow the baby's head and body to pass. This can lead to:

• Swelling and bruising: Even if the birth was without tears, pressure and stretching cause swelling and the formation of small hematomas.
• Tears: Natural tears of varying degrees may occur. Small lacerations usually heal on their own, while deeper tears require suturing.
• Episiotomies: This is a surgical cut of the perineum that the doctor makes to prevent uncontrolled tears or to speed up delivery. The incision is also sutured.

The pain may feel constant, throbbing, and can worsen when sitting, walking, or using the toilet. Sutures usually dissolve on their own within a few weeks.

Importance of hygiene and proper care

Proper perineal care in the first weeks after delivery is key for comfort and infection prevention.

• Hygiene: After each toilet visit it is important to rinse with warm water using a peri bottle (often provided in maternity wards). Pat, rather than wipe, the perineal area with a clean towel or paper napkins.
• Air baths: Try several times a day for 10‑15 minutes to lie without underwear, placing a towel underneath to allow air to reach the sutures.

Usually the pain decreases significantly during the first week and disappears completely within 3‑6 weeks. Read more about the recovery process in our article "Postpartum period: physical recovery". Information about other possible pain sensations can be found on the page "Pain (mother)".