Nasal congestion in infants

Nasal congestion in infants: How to ensure free breathing

Nasal congestion without significant discharge is a common problem in infants, which can be caused not only by infection but also by dry air or physiological characteristics. Since children in the first year of life breathe primarily through the nose, any swelling of the mucous membrane can significantly complicate their life, interfering with feeding and sleep. Understanding the causes and the correct actions of parents will help quickly relieve the baby's condition.

Why does the nose get "blocked"?

• Narrow nasal passages. In infants, the nasal passages are anatomically very narrow. Even a slight swelling of the mucous membrane can completely block them.
• Dry air. This is one of the most common reasons, especially during the heating season. Dry air dries out the mucous membrane, which in response swells compensatorily and produces more mucus to moisturize itself.
• Viral infections (URI). Mucosal swelling is the first reaction to inflammation caused by viruses. Often congestion precedes the appearance of runny nose.
• Allergic reaction. Reaction to dust, animal hair or other allergens can also cause swelling.
• Reflux. In some cases, the backflow of stomach contents into the nasopharynx can irritate the mucosa and cause it to swell.

How to help the child breathe?

The main task is to moisturize the mucous membrane and, if needed, clear the nose. This is the best way to reduce swelling.

• Create an optimal microclimate. Keep the room temperature at 18-22°C and humidity at 50-70%. Using a humidifier in winter is extremely helpful.
• Wash the nose with saline solution. Regularly instilling isotonic saline (physiological saline) helps moisturize the mucosa and reduce swelling.
• Clean the nose with a suction device. If there is mucus in the nose, it should be removed using a nasal aspirator.
• Elevated head position. Place something under the crib legs on the head side to create a slight incline. This will help reduce swelling during sleep. Never place a pillow under an infant's head!

Remember that any nasal congestion accompanied by difficulty breathing or high temperature requires a mandatory medical examination. Read about other respiratory symptoms in our dedicated section.