Runny nose in infants

Runny nose in infants: How to safely help a tiny nose

Runny nose, or rhinitis, is inflammation of the nasal mucosa accompanied by discharge. For children in their first year of life, it is a real challenge. Unlike adults, infants cannot blow their noses and breathe primarily through the nose. Therefore, even a slight mucosal swelling and mucus buildup can significantly complicate breathing, feeding, and sleep.

Causes of runny nose in infants

• Viral infections. This is the most common cause. An infant in the first year, especially if they are in contact with older children, can get colds up to 8-10 times a year, and this is considered normal.
• Physiological runny nose. In the first months of life the nasal mucosa is still adapting to the environment. It may produce excess mucus not related to infection. Such discharge is usually clear and not accompanied by other symptoms.
• Allergic rhinitis. May be a reaction to dust, animal fur, or other allergens.
• Teething. Sometimes this process is accompanied by increased clear nasal discharge.

Why is a runny nose a problem for an infant?

The main problem is that an infant cannot breathe through the mouth while sucking. A blocked nose forces them to constantly detach from the breast or bottle, become irritable, cry, and swallow air, which in turn can lead to abdominal pain. Not only feeding is disrupted, but also sleep.

Basics of safe care

The main task of parents is not to "treat" the runny nose (if it is viral, it will pass on its own), but to help the child breathe freely. For this, there are two key tools:

1. Saline solution. Isotonic saline solutions (in the form of drops or spray) moisturize the mucosa, thin thick mucus, and help wash away viruses and allergens.
2. Nasal aspirator ("snot sucker"). After applying saline drops, it is necessary to remove mucus using the aspirator. This is a key procedure that allows the child to eat and sleep normally.

Important: never use decongestant drops without prescription and strict medical supervision. In infants they can cause serious side effects. Read about other respiratory symptoms in our dedicated section.