Skin itching

Skin itching during pregnancy: When it's normal and when it's a warning sign

Skin itching (pruritus) is a common complaint among expectant mothers, especially in the third trimester. In most cases it is harmless, though annoying, symptom related to natural bodily changes. However, sometimes intense itching can be a sign of a more serious condition, so it is important to know what to watch for.

"Safe" causes of itching

• Skin stretching: This is the most common cause. The skin on the abdomen, breasts and thighs undergoes intense stretching, which can cause dryness, irritation and itching. It is often accompanied by the appearance of stretch marks.
• Hormonal changes: Increased estrogen levels can directly affect nerve endings in the skin, causing a sensation of itching.
• Dry skin: Hormones can also alter the skin's hydro‑lipid balance, making it drier and more sensitive. More details are in the article "Dry skin".
• Exacerbation of existing conditions: Pregnancy can trigger flare‑ups of chronic skin diseases such as eczema.

Pregnancy cholestasis: When itching is dangerous

There is a condition called intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). This complication is associated with impaired bile flow from the liver. Bile acids accumulate in the blood, causing very strong, sometimes unbearable itching that has characteristic features:

• Location: Most often it starts on the palms and soles, then spreads over the whole body.
• Intensity: The itching is very intense and markedly worsens at night.
• No rash: Usually there are no visible rashes on the skin, only marks from scratching.

Pregnancy cholestasis can pose a risk to the baby (increases the risk of preterm delivery and fetal distress), so when these symptoms appear it is necessary to see a doctor immediately for special blood tests. Every mother should be aware of other pregnancy complications.