Bleeding gums

Bleeding gums during pregnancy: Pregnancy gingivitis

If during brushing your toothbrush or dental floss turns pink, there's no need to panic. Bleeding gums, or pregnancy gingivitis, is an extremely common condition that affects more than half of expectant mothers. This does not mean you are neglecting oral care; it is a specific reaction of your body to hormonal changes.

Why do the gums become so sensitive?

As with nosebleeds, hormones and increased blood flow play the main role here.

• Hormonal remodeling: Elevated levels of progesterone and estrogen make gum tissues more susceptible to the bacteria present in dental plaque. The immune response to these bacteria becomes more pronounced, leading to inflammation, swelling, and redness of the gums.
• Increased blood flow: Enhanced blood supply to the gum tissues makes them more puffy and vulnerable to any mechanical irritation, such as tooth brushing.

Why is it important not to ignore this symptom?

Although pregnancy gingivitis is common, it should not be ignored. Without proper hygiene it can progress to a more serious condition — periodontitis, which can cause damage to the bone tissue surrounding the teeth. Some studies link severe periodontitis with an increased risk of preterm labor and the birth of a low‑weight baby. Therefore, regular and thorough hygienic procedures, as well as a preventive dental visit, are an important part of your prenatal care.