Insect bites in infants

Insect bites in infants: Reaction, assistance and prevention

Infants' delicate skin is very attractive to mosquitoes, midges and other insects. The reaction to a bite in a child under one year can be much stronger than in an adult, due to the particularities of their immune system. It is important to know how to provide first aid correctly, how to distinguish a normal reaction from an allergic one, and how to protect the baby safely.

Why is the reaction so strong?

The infant's immune system is not yet familiar with the proteins found in insect saliva. Therefore, in response to a bite it produces a large amount of histamine, leading to pronounced swelling, redness and intense itching. The bite site can enlarge significantly, become warm to the touch. This is a normal local reaction that usually resolves within a few days.

First aid for a bite

1. Cleaning: Wash the bite area with water and mild soap.
2. Cooling: Apply a cold compress (a cloth soaked in cold water) for 10-15 minutes. This helps reduce swelling and itching.
3. Itch relief: You can use special baby soothing gels or lotions (e.g., with calamine). For children older than 6 months, a doctor may recommend oral antihistamine drops.
4. Prevent scratching: Trim the child's nails short; at night you can put on special anti-scratch mittens.

When is a bite dangerous? Allergic reaction

In rare cases an insect bite can trigger a systemic allergic reaction. Call emergency services immediately if after the bite you notice:

• The appearance of hives all over the body.
• Swelling of the face, lips or tongue.
• Difficulty breathing or wheezing.
• Vomiting or loss of consciousness.

Prevention is the best strategy. Use mosquito nets on windows and the stroller, dress the child in light clothing that covers the body, and use infant-safe repellents (after consulting a pediatrician).