Skin infections in infants

Skin infections in infants: What parents need to know

Delicate and vulnerable infant skin is an easy target for bacteria and fungi. Disruption of its integrity (scratches, cracks, fissures) can become the "entry gate" for infection. It is important to recognize signs of infection to seek medical attention promptly, as bacterial and fungal infections require specific treatment.

Most common skin infections in infants

• Імпетиго. This is a bacterial infection (usually caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus) that appears as blisters that burst quickly, forming characteristic honey‑yellow crusts. It most often appears around the nose and mouth.
• Кандидоз (молочниця). A fungal infection caused by the Candida fungus. In the diaper area it looks like a bright red, shiny rash with well‑defined edges and tiny "satellite" papules around it. It can also affect the oral mucosa (white coating).
• Фолікуліт. Inflammation of hair follicles, appearing as small pustules at the base of hairs.
• Інфікований пелюшковий дерматит або екзема. If the baby scratches the skin heavily, a bacterial infection can be introduced. Signs include oozing, pustules, or yellow crusts on top of an existing rash.

Principles of treatment and prevention

Treatment of skin infections depends on the pathogen. Bacterial infections are treated with topical or systemic antibiotics, and fungal infections with antifungal creams. Never use antibacterial ointments without a doctor's prescription, as this may be ineffective (if the infection is fungal) or lead to resistance development.

The basis of prevention is careful hygienic care, keeping the skin dry and clean, as well as timely treatment of any skin damage. For tips on avoiding scratches, read the blog "How to trim an infant's nails".